Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Isaiah · Chapter 42 of 66

Isaiah 42: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

25 verses · 6 video commentaries from 4 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1“Here is My Servant, whom I uphold, My Chosen One, in whom My soul delights. I will put My Spirit on Him, and He will bring justice to the nations.

2He will not cry out or raise His voice, nor make His voice heard in the streets.

3A bruised reed He will not break and a smoldering wick He will not extinguish; He will faithfully bring forth justice.

4He will not grow weak or discouraged before He has established justice on the earth. In His law the islands will put their hope.”

5This is what God the LORD says—He who created the heavens and stretched them out, who spread out the earth and its offspring, who gives breath to the people on it and life to those who walk in it:

6“I, the LORD, have called you for a righteous purpose, and I will take hold of your hand. I will keep you and appoint you to be a covenant for the people and a light to the nations,

7to open the eyes of the blind, to bring prisoners out of the dungeon and those sitting in darkness out from the prison house.

8I am the LORD; that is My name! I will not yield My glory to another or My praise to idols.

9Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”

10Sing to the LORD a new song—His praise from the ends of the earth—you who go down to the sea, and all that is in it, you islands, and all who dwell in them.

11Let the desert and its cities raise their voices; let the villages of Kedar cry aloud. Let the people of Sela sing for joy; let them cry out from the mountaintops.

12Let them give glory to the LORD and declare His praise in the islands.

13The LORD goes forth like a mighty one; He stirs up His zeal like a warrior. He shouts; yes, He roars in triumph over His enemies:

14“I have kept silent from ages past; I have remained quiet and restrained. But now I will groan like a woman in labor; I will at once gasp and pant.

15I will lay waste the mountains and hills and dry up all their vegetation. I will turn the rivers into dry land and drain the marshes.

16I will lead the blind by a way they did not know; I will guide them on unfamiliar paths. I will turn darkness into light before them and rough places into level ground. These things I will do for them, and I will not forsake them.

17But those who trust in idols and say to molten images, ‘You are our gods!’ will be turned back in utter shame.

18Listen, you deaf ones; look, you blind ones, that you may see!

19Who is blind but My servant, or deaf like the messenger I am sending? Who is blind like My covenant partner, or blind like the servant of the LORD?

20Though seeing many things, you do not keep watch. Though your ears are open, you do not hear.”

21The LORD was pleased, for the sake of His righteousness, to magnify His law and make it glorious.

22But this is a people plundered and looted, all trapped in caves or imprisoned in dungeons. They have become plunder with no one to rescue them, and loot with no one to say, “Send them back!”

23Who among you will pay attention to this? Who will listen and obey hereafter?

24Who gave Jacob up for spoil, and Israel to the plunderers? Was it not the LORD, against whom we have sinned? They were unwilling to walk in His ways, and they would not obey His law.

25So He poured out on them His furious anger and the fierceness of battle. It enveloped them in flames, but they did not understand; it consumed them, but they did not take it to heart.

Isaiah 42 Section and Chapter Commentary

Isa 42:1-9

The Suffering Servant Songs

Second Isaiah contains four passages, known as the 'songs of the suffering servant,' found in chapters 42, 49, 50, and 52-53. These passages describe a servant who has suffered and will be vindicated by God, cohering with Second Isaiah's broader message of God restoring the exiles to Judah after their suffering.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did the Prophet Isaiah Predict Jesus' Crucifixion? · watch the clip

Isaiah 42 Verse Notes

Isa 42:1-4

The Suffering Servant as Israel

The 'suffering servant' passages in Second Isaiah, often interpreted in Christian tradition as referring to Jesus, are understood within their original context to represent Israel. The servant embodies the corporate nation, which suffered during the exile and bore the sins of its people, ultimately playing a role in its own redemption and restoration.

Summarized by AI · The Hebrew Bible: Exploring the Literature of Ancient Israel · Lecture 17: Isaiah | In Three Acts · watch the clip

Isa 42:1

Textual variant in Jesus' baptismal voice

There is a significant textual variant in Luke 3:22 regarding the voice from heaven at Jesus' baptism. While most manuscripts read, 'You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased' (similar to Mark), some early manuscripts and numerous early church fathers quote it as, 'You are my Son; today I have begotten you' (Psalm 2:7). The latter reading, being more 'difficult' theologically for later scribes who rejected adoptionist Christology, is likely the original.

Summarized by AI · Luke's Maverick Gospel · Lecture 2: How to Begin a Gospel · watch the clip

Voice at Jesus' baptism: 'Today I have begotten you'

At Jesus' baptism in Luke 3:22, most manuscripts record the heavenly voice saying, "You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased," echoing Isaiah 42:1. However, a few significant manuscripts present a different reading: "You are my Son; today I have begotten you," which is from Psalm 2:7. This variant raises questions about whether Luke originally intended to suggest Jesus became the Son of God at his baptism.

Summarized by AI · The Bible and the Quran: Comparing Their Historical Problems · Lecture 1: The New Testament | Do We Have the Original Text? · watch the clip

The Servant as Israel

Second Isaiah explicitly identifies the suffering servant as Israel. In Isaiah 49:3, God addresses the servant, stating, 'You are my servant, O Israel.' This is consistent with the Old Testament's common practice of using an individual figure or metaphor to represent a collective entity, such as a nation. The suffering of the servant, therefore, refers to the nation of Israel's suffering during the Babylonian exile, which is seen as atonement for their sins, leading to their eventual redemption.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did the Prophet Isaiah Predict Jesus' Crucifixion? · watch the clip

Isa 42:6

Paul as a Light to the Gentiles

Paul believed he was commissioned by God to bring the message of salvation to the Gentiles, seeing himself as a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, particularly from Isaiah, which spoke of a figure who would be a 'light to the Gentiles' to lead them to God. Paul interpreted this not as Gentiles converting to Judaism, but as recognizing the God of Israel through faith in Jesus.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Why Did Paul Convert? Did He Convert? · watch the clip

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