Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Acts · Chapter 20 of 28

Acts 20: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

38 verses · 6 video commentaries from 3 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1When the uproar had ended, Paul sent for the disciples. And after encouraging them, he said goodbye to them and left for Macedonia.

2After traveling through that area and speaking many words of encouragement, he arrived in Greece,

3where he stayed three months. And when the Jews formed a plot against him as he was about to sail for Syria, he decided to go back through Macedonia.

4Paul was accompanied by Sopater son of Pyrrhus from Berea, Aristarchus and Secundus from Thessalonica, Gaius from Derbe, Timothy, and Tychicus and Trophimus from the province of Asia.

5These men went on ahead and waited for us in Troas.

6And after the Feast of Unleavened Bread, we sailed from Philippi, and five days later we rejoined them in Troas, where we stayed seven days.

7On the first day of the week we came together to break bread. Since Paul was ready to leave the next day, he talked to them and kept on speaking until midnight.

8Now there were many lamps in the upper room where we were gathered.

9And a certain young man named Eutychus, seated in the window, was sinking into a deep sleep as Paul talked on and on. When he was sound asleep, he fell from the third story and was picked up dead.

10But Paul went down, threw himself on the young man, and embraced him. “Do not be alarmed!” he said. “He is still alive!”

11Then Paul went back upstairs, broke bread, and ate. And after speaking until daybreak, he departed.

12And the people were greatly relieved to take the boy home alive.

13We went on ahead to the ship and sailed to Assos, where we were to take Paul aboard. He had arranged this because he was going there on foot.

14And when he met us at Assos, we took him aboard and went on to Mitylene.

15Sailing on from there, we arrived the next day opposite Chios. The day after that we arrived at Samos, and on the following day we came to Miletus.

16Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus to avoid spending time in the province of Asia, because he was in a hurry to reach Jerusalem, if possible, by the day of Pentecost.

17From Miletus, Paul sent to Ephesus for the elders of the church.

18When they came to him, he said, “You know how I lived the whole time I was with you, from the first day I arrived in the province of Asia.

19I served the Lord with great humility and with tears, especially in the trials that came upon me through the plots of the Jews.

20I did not shrink back from declaring anything that was helpful to you as I taught you publicly and from house to house,

21testifying to Jews and Greeks alike about repentance to God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.

22And now, compelled by the Spirit, I am going to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there.

23I only know that in town after town the Holy Spirit warns me that chains and afflictions await me.

24But I consider my life of no value to me, if only I may finish my course and complete the ministry I have received from the Lord Jesus—the ministry of testifying to the good news of God’s grace.

25Now I know that none of you among whom I have preached the kingdom will see my face again.

26Therefore I testify to you this day that I am innocent of the blood of all men.

27For I did not shrink back from declaring to you the whole will of God.

28Keep watch over yourselves and the entire flock of which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers. Be shepherds of the church of God, which He purchased with His own blood.

29I know that after my departure, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock.

30Even from your own number, men will rise up and distort the truth to draw away disciples after them.

31Therefore be alert and remember that for three years I never stopped warning each of you night and day with tears.

32And now I commit you to God and to the word of His grace, which can build you up and give you an inheritance among all who are sanctified.

33I have not coveted anyone’s silver or gold or clothing.

34You yourselves know that these hands of mine have ministered to my own needs and those of my companions.

35In everything, I showed you that by this kind of hard work we must help the weak, remembering the words of the Lord Jesus Himself: ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’”

36When Paul had said this, he knelt down with all of them and prayed.

37They all wept openly as they embraced Paul and kissed him.

38They were especially grieved by his statement that they would never see his face again. Then they accompanied him to the ship.

Acts 20 Section and Chapter Commentary

Acts 20:5-15

The 'We Passages' and Historicity

Certain sections of Acts, known as the 'we passages,' switch from third-person narration to first-person plural, suggesting the author was a companion of Paul and an eyewitness to the events. While this might imply greater historical reliability, scholars debate whether these passages represent genuine eyewitness accounts, incorporated sources, or a literary device to lend authority.

Summarized by AI · The New Testament: Exploring the Christian Bible · Lecture 10: Acts | When Christianity Became “Historical” · watch the clip

The 'We' Passages in Acts

The author of Acts implicitly claims to be a companion of Paul through the use of "we" passages. In four specific sections, the narrative shifts from describing Paul's actions to including the author as part of the group, suggesting a firsthand account of Paul's travels. This is an implicit claim of authorship by a traveling companion.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Why Should We Think Luke and Acts Have the Same Author? · watch the clip

The 'We' Passages in Acts

In four specific passages within the book of Acts, the narrative shifts from third-person to first-person plural, using 'we' to describe actions. These 'we' passages suggest that the author was a traveling companion of Paul, leading early Christians to infer that the author was someone connected to Paul's ministry.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Was Luke Written by Luke? And Why Should We Care? · watch the clip

Acts 20:7-12

Disciples' Authority to Raise the Dead

Jesus grants his disciples authority to perform miracles, including raising the dead, as stated in Matthew 10:7-8. While the Gospels do not narrate these specific acts by the disciples, the Book of Acts records instances of apostles like Peter and Paul raising individuals from the dead. Jesus's own resurrection remains unique because it is a permanent resurrection (never to die again) and is directly performed by God, with all other resuscitations rooted in his divine power.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Night of the Living Dead: Matthew's Forgotten Resurrection · watch the clip

Acts 20 Verse Notes

Acts 20:5

The 'we' passages indicate the author was a companion of Paul

The 'we' passages in Acts, found in chapters 16, 20, 21, and 27-28, are often interpreted as direct evidence that the author was a traveling companion of Paul. In these sections, the narrative shifts from third-person accounts of Paul's journeys to first-person plural, suggesting the author was present with Paul during these specific events.

Summarized by AI · The Genius of the Acts of the Apostles · Lecture 8: The Author of Acts | Who and When? · watch the clip

Acts 20:35

Paul's Quote on Giving

Paul quotes Jesus as saying, 'It is better to give than to receive.' This saying is not found in any of the New Testament gospels but is reported by Paul in the book of Acts. It aligns with other teachings of Jesus, suggesting it could be an authentic saying not recorded elsewhere.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Are There Authentic Sayings of Jesus from Outside the New Testament? · watch the clip

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