Book of Acts · Chapter 26 of 28
32 verses · 8 video commentaries from 4 courses · Berean Standard Bible
1Agrippa said to Paul, “You have permission to speak for yourself.” Then Paul stretched out his hand and began his defense:
2“King Agrippa, I consider myself fortunate to stand before you today to defend myself against all the accusations of the Jews,
3especially since you are acquainted with all the Jewish customs and controversies. I beg you, therefore, to listen to me patiently.
4Surely all the Jews know how I have lived from my earliest childhood among my own people, and also in Jerusalem.
5They have known me for a long time and can testify, if they are willing, that I lived as a Pharisee, adhering to the strictest sect of our religion.
6And now I stand on trial because of my hope in the promise that God made to our fathers,
7the promise our twelve tribes are hoping to see fulfilled as they earnestly serve God day and night. It is because of this hope, O king, that I am accused by the Jews.
8Why would any of you consider it incredible that God raises the dead?
9So then, I too was convinced that I ought to do all I could to oppose the name of Jesus of Nazareth.
10And that is what I did in Jerusalem. With authority from the chief priests I put many of the saints in prison, and when they were condemned to death, I cast my vote against them.
11I frequently had them punished in the synagogues, and I tried to make them blaspheme. In my raging fury against them, I even went to foreign cities to persecute them.
12In this pursuit I was on my way to Damascus with the authority and commission of the chief priests.
13About noon, O king, as I was on the road, I saw a light from heaven, brighter than the sun, shining around me and my companions.
14We all fell to the ground, and I heard a voice say to me in Hebrew, ‘Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me? It is hard for you to kick against the goads.’
15‘Who are You, Lord?’ I asked. ‘I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting,’ the Lord replied.
16‘But get up and stand on your feet. For I have appeared to you to appoint you as a servant and as a witness of what you have seen from Me and what I will show you.
17I will rescue you from your own people and from the Gentiles. I am sending you to them
18to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and an inheritance among those sanctified by faith in Me.’
19So then, King Agrippa, I was not disobedient to the heavenly vision.
20First to those in Damascus and Jerusalem, then to everyone in the region of Judea, and then to the Gentiles, I declared that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds worthy of their repentance.
21For this reason the Jews seized me in the temple courts and tried to kill me.
22But I have had God’s help to this day, and I stand here to testify to small and great alike. I am saying nothing beyond what the prophets and Moses said would happen:
23that the Christ would suffer, and as the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to our people and to the Gentiles.”
24At this stage of Paul’s defense, Festus exclaimed in a loud voice, “You are insane, Paul! Your great learning is driving you to madness!”
25But Paul answered, “I am not insane, most excellent Festus; I am speaking words of truth and sobriety.
26For the king knows about these matters, and I can speak freely to him. I am confident that none of this has escaped his notice, because it was not done in a corner.
27King Agrippa, do you believe the prophets? I know you do.”
28Then Agrippa said to Paul, “Can you persuade me in such a short time to become a Christian?”
29“Short time or long,” Paul replied, “I wish to God that not only you but all who hear me this day may become what I am, except for these chains.”
30Then the king and the governor rose, along with Bernice and those seated with them.
31On their way out, they said to one another, “This man has done nothing worthy of death or imprisonment.”
32And Agrippa said to Festus, “This man could have been released if he had not appealed to Caesar.”
Acts 26:12-18
The book of Acts provides three accounts of Paul's encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus (Acts 9, 22, 26). These accounts contain irreconcilable differences, such as whether Paul's companions heard the voice or saw the light, and whether Paul was instructed by Jesus directly or by Ananias in Damascus.
Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Why Did Paul Convert? Did He Convert? · watch the clip
The book of Acts, written by the same author as the Gospel of Luke, is typically dated to the mid-80s CE, or potentially as late as 120 CE by some scholars. This significant time gap (50 to 90 years after the events) raises questions about its historical reliability. Furthermore, Acts contains internal contradictions, such as three differing accounts of Paul's conversion, and often presents narratives that conflict with Paul's own letters regarding his actions and statements.
Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Christianity One Year After Jesus · watch the clip
Acts 26:1
Acts provides three accounts of Paul's conversion (Acts 9, 22, 26), which contain conflicting details. For example, in one account, Paul's companions hear a voice but see no one, while in another, they see a light but hear nothing. There are also inconsistencies regarding whether companions stood or fell, and whether Jesus or Ananias instructed Paul.
Summarized by AI · The Genius of the Acts of the Apostles · Lecture 6: Acts as History · watch the clip
Acts 26:5
Unlike Jesus' uneducated disciples, Paul possessed a high level of education and intellectual training as a Pharisee. This allowed him to develop a comprehensive theology explaining how Jesus' death and resurrection bring salvation, making the concept understandable and accessible to a broader audience. His systematic articulation of these ideas was unprecedented.
Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is Paul the Founder of Christianity? · watch the clip
Acts 26:10
Paul admits to persecuting Christians, though the exact nature of his actions is unclear. He describes his zeal for Judaism as leading him to attempt to destroy the church. The Book of Acts claims he was officially sanctioned by the Jewish high priest to persecute Christians in Damascus, but this is historically unlikely as the high priest lacked jurisdiction outside Jerusalem.
Summarized by AI · Paul and His Letters: A Basic Introduction · Paul and His Letters: A Basic Introduction · watch the clip
The book of Acts portrays Paul as actively involved in the persecution of Christians, including being present at Stephen's stoning and receiving authorization from the high priest to persecute Christians in Damascus. However, the speaker notes that the high priest's authority likely did not extend to Damascus, suggesting this detail might be historically inaccurate.
Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Why Did Paul Hate Jesus and His Followers? · watch the clip
Acts 26:14
During Saul's conversion experience, Jesus used the Greek idiom 'it hurts you to kick against the goads,' even though he spoke to Saul in Hebrew. This well-known phrase from Greek tragedies, implying futile resistance, suggests that Jesus was communicating in a way Paul, with his Hellenistic education, would immediately understand.
Summarized by AI · Cities of the Bible · Lecture 5: Athens · watch the clip
Acts 26:25
The title 'most excellent Theophilus' used in both Luke and Acts suggests Theophilus was a high-ranking Roman official. The Greek term for 'most excellent' appears only three other times in Acts (23:26, 24:3, 26:25), and in each instance, it is addressed to a Roman governor, indicating it was a formal title for such officials.
Summarized by AI · The Genius of the Acts of the Apostles · Lecture 8: The Author of Acts | Who and When? · watch the clip