Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Isaiah · Chapter 9 of 66

Isaiah 9: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

21 verses · 3 video commentaries from 1 course · Berean Standard Bible

1Nevertheless, there will be no more gloom for those in distress. In the past He humbled the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, but in the future He will honor the Way of the Sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations:

2The people walking in darkness have seen a great light; on those living in the land of the shadow of death, a light has dawned.

3You have enlarged the nation and increased its joy. The people rejoice before You as they rejoice at harvest time, as men rejoice in dividing the plunder.

4For as in the day of Midian You have shattered the yoke of their burden, the bar across their shoulders, and the rod of their oppressor.

5For every trampling boot of battle and every garment rolled in blood will be burned as fuel for the fire.

6For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.

7Of the increase of His government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish and sustain it with justice and righteousness from that time and forevermore. The zeal of the LORD of Hosts will accomplish this.

8The Lord has sent a message against Jacob, and it has fallen upon Israel.

9All the people will know it—Ephraim and the dwellers of Samaria. With pride and arrogance of heart they will say:

10“The bricks have fallen, but we will rebuild with finished stone; the sycamores have been felled, but we will replace them with cedars.”

11The LORD has raised up the foes of Rezin against him and joined his enemies together.

12Aram from the east and Philistia from the west have devoured Israel with open mouths. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.

13But the people did not return to Him who struck them; they did not seek the LORD of Hosts.

14So the LORD will cut off Israel’s head and tail, both palm branch and reed in a single day.

15The head is the elder and honorable man, and the tail is the prophet who teaches lies.

16For those who guide this people mislead them, and those they mislead are swallowed up.

17Therefore the Lord takes no pleasure in their young men; He has no compassion on their fatherless and widows. For every one of them is godless and wicked, and every mouth speaks folly. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.

18For wickedness burns like a fire that consumes the thorns and briers and kindles the forest thickets, which roll upward in billows of smoke.

19By the wrath of the LORD of Hosts the land is scorched, and the people are fuel for the fire. No man even spares his brother.

20They carve out what is on the right, but they are still hungry; they eat what is on the left, but they are still not satisfied. Each one devours the flesh of his own offspring.

21Manasseh devours Ephraim, and Ephraim Manasseh; together they turn against Judah. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.

Isaiah 9 Verse Notes

Isa 9:6

Messianic Prophecies in Isaiah

Messianic prophecies in Isaiah, such as those in chapters 40-55 (Second Isaiah), are often interpreted as predictions of a future king. However, the speaker suggests that these passages, written after the Babylonian captivity, are likely focused on the imminent return of the Jewish people to Judah and the rebuilding of the land, rather than distant future messianic figures. Similarly, Isaiah 7:14, often cited as a prophecy of a virgin birth, is argued to refer to a child born of a young woman in Isaiah's own time.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did Jesus Actually Claim to be God? · watch the clip

Isaiah 9:6 uses synonymous parallelism

The phrase 'For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given' in Isaiah 9:6 exemplifies synonymous parallelism, a common feature of Hebrew poetry. The two lines express the same idea using different words, rather than introducing distinct concepts like adoption.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · The Bible Was Written in a Haunted World · watch the clip

Isaiah 9:6 as a prophecy for Hezekiah

While Isaiah 9:6 has been historically interpreted as a Messianic prophecy for Jesus, critical scholars place it in its historical context, suggesting it is a praise for the birth of King Hezekiah. Hezekiah is presented as the one sent by God to shepherd his people, thus being considered a 'son of God' in a non-supernatural sense.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · The Bible Was Written in a Haunted World · watch the clip

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