Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Luke · Chapter 14 of 24

Luke 14: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

35 verses · 7 video commentaries from 4 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1One Sabbath, Jesus went to eat in the home of a leading Pharisee, and those in attendance were watching Him closely.

2Right there before Him was a man with dropsy.

3So Jesus asked the experts in the law and the Pharisees, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?”

4But they remained silent. Then Jesus took hold of the man, healed him, and sent him on his way.

5And He asked them, “Which of you whose son or ox falls into a pit on the Sabbath day will not immediately pull him out?”

6And they were unable to answer these questions.

7When Jesus noticed how the guests chose the places of honor, He told them a parable:

8“When you are invited to a wedding banquet, do not sit in the place of honor, in case someone more distinguished than you has been invited.

9Then the host who invited both of you will come and tell you, ‘Give this man your seat.’ And in humiliation, you will have to take the last place.

10But when you are invited, go and sit in the last place, so that your host will come and tell you, ‘Friend, move up to a better place.’ Then you will be honored in front of everyone at the table with you.

11For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and the one who humbles himself will be exalted.”

12Then Jesus said to the man who had invited Him, “When you host a dinner or a banquet, do not invite your friends or brothers or relatives or rich neighbors. Otherwise, they may invite you in return, and you will be repaid.

13But when you host a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, and the blind,

14and you will be blessed. Since they cannot repay you, you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous.”

15When one of those reclining with Him heard this, he said to Jesus, “Blessed is everyone who will eat at the feast in the kingdom of God.”

16But Jesus replied, “A certain man prepared a great banquet and invited many guests.

17When it was time for the banquet, he sent his servant to tell those who had been invited, ‘Come, for everything is now ready.’

18But one after another they all began to make excuses. The first one said, ‘I have bought a field, and I need to go see it. Please excuse me.’

19Another said, ‘I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I am going to try them out. Please excuse me.’

20Still another said, ‘I have married a wife, so I cannot come.’

21The servant returned and reported all this to his master. Then the owner of the house became angry and said to his servant, ‘Go out quickly into the streets and alleys of the city, and bring in the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame.’

22‘Sir,’ the servant replied, ‘what you ordered has been done, and there is still room.’

23So the master told his servant, ‘Go out to the highways and hedges and compel them to come in, so that my house will be full.

24For I tell you, not one of those men who were invited will taste my banquet.’”

25Now large crowds were traveling with Jesus, and He turned and said to them,

26“If anyone comes to Me and does not hate his father and mother and wife and children and brothers and sisters—yes, even his own life—he cannot be My disciple.

27And whoever does not carry his cross and follow Me cannot be My disciple.

28Which of you, wishing to build a tower, does not first sit down and count the cost to see if he has the resources to complete it?

29Otherwise, if he lays the foundation and is unable to finish the work, everyone who sees it will ridicule him,

30saying, ‘This man could not finish what he started to build.’

31Or what king on his way to war with another king will not first sit down and consider whether he can engage with ten thousand men the one coming against him with twenty thousand?

32And if he is unable, he will send a delegation while the other king is still far off, to ask for terms of peace.

33In the same way, any one of you who does not give up everything he has cannot be My disciple.

34Salt is good, but if the salt loses its savor, with what will it be seasoned?

35It is fit neither for the soil nor for the manure pile, and it is thrown out. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.”

Luke 14 Verse Notes

Luke 14:5

Sabbath Exceptions for Necessity

Certain actions were widely accepted as permissible on the Sabbath due to necessity, including untying an animal for water, rescuing a child or animal from a pit, and performing circumcision on the eighth day, even if it fell on the Sabbath. This demonstrates a common understanding that life-saving or religiously mandated acts could override Sabbath prohibitions.

Summarized by AI · Judaism in the Time of Jesus: Torah Law and Everyday Life in First-Century Judea · Lecture 4: Daily Life II: Sabbath and Festivals · watch the clip

Luke 14:23

Coercion Justified by Parable of the Great Banquet

Augustine further supported the use of coercion by referencing the parable of the great banquet, where the master instructs his servants to 'compel' guests to come in. This, for Augustine, clearly demonstrated that disobedience to God's invitation could be met with force.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 18: Augustine, The City of God | Israel and Empire · watch the clip

Luke 14:24-27

Matthew as Collector of Sayings, Luke as Raw Material

Matthew appears to collect and organize scattered sayings into topical clusters, such as those related to facing opposition and discipleship demands. Luke, by contrast, presents these sayings in a more dispersed, less organized manner, suggesting Matthew is the collector and Luke preserves the 'raw material' or a more primitive order.

Summarized by AI · Did Q Exist? · Lecture 3: The Case for Q · watch the clip

Luke 14:26

Luke's More Problematic 'Hate' Saying

Luke's version of the saying about discipleship, which states one must 'hate' father and mother, is more problematic than Matthew's 'love more than me.' This suggests Luke's version is earlier and Matthew has softened the saying to make it more palatable, indicating Luke's primitiveness in this instance.

Summarized by AI · Did Q Exist? · Lecture 3: The Case for Q · watch the clip

Jesus' Radical Demands for Altruism

Jesus' teachings pushed altruism to a radical extreme, partly due to his apocalyptic worldview. He demanded complete commitment to God, which included selling all possessions to give to the poor and even abandoning family to convert others. This established a religious obligation to help strangers, a concept not prevalent in the Greek and Roman world.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Does Altruism Actually Exist? · watch the clip

Christian Debates on Family Life

The Infancy Gospel of Thomas is contextualized within broader ancient Christian debates about the value of family life. Some New Testament passages, like those in Paul's letters to Timothy and Titus, affirm the importance of households, while others, like some of Jesus' teachings, suggest leaving family for discipleship. This gospel, by portraying the challenges and persistence of Jesus' human family, affirms the value of family life.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · He's a Very Naughty Boy: The Infancy Gospel of Thomas · watch the clip

Luke 14:27

Q's Awareness of Jesus' Death and Vindication

Despite lacking a passion narrative, Q demonstrates awareness of Jesus' death and subsequent vindication. The saying about taking up one's cross directly alludes to Jesus' fate, and the lament over Jerusalem, which kills prophets, implies Jesus' death and future return, indicating a theological understanding of these events.

Summarized by AI · Did Q Exist? · Lecture 3: The Case for Q · watch the clip

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