Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Matthew · Chapter 24 of 28

Matthew 24: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

51 verses · 30 video commentaries from 12 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1As Jesus left the temple and was walking away, His disciples came up to Him to point out its buildings.

2“Do you see all these things?” He replied. “Truly I tell you, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.”

3While Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to Him privately. “Tell us,” they said, “when will these things happen, and what will be the sign of Your coming and of the end of the age?”

4Jesus answered, “See to it that no one deceives you.

5For many will come in My name, claiming, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many.

6You will hear of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. These things must happen, but the end is still to come.

7Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places.

8All these are the beginning of birth pains.

9Then they will deliver you over to be persecuted and killed, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name.

10At that time many will fall away and will betray and hate one another,

11and many false prophets will arise and deceive many.

12Because of the multiplication of wickedness, the love of most will grow cold.

13But the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.

14And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.

15So when you see standing in the holy place ‘the abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand),

16then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.

17Let no one on the housetop come down to retrieve anything from his house.

18And let no one in the field return for his cloak.

19How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

20Pray that your flight will not occur in the winter or on the Sabbath.

21For at that time there will be great tribulation, unseen from the beginning of the world until now, and never to be seen again.

22If those days had not been cut short, nobody would be saved. But for the sake of the elect, those days will be cut short.

23At that time, if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ or ‘There He is!’ do not believe it.

24For false Christs and false prophets will appear and perform great signs and wonders to deceive even the elect, if that were possible.

25See, I have told you in advance.

26So if they tell you, ‘There He is, in the wilderness,’ do not go out, or, ‘Here He is, in the inner rooms,’ do not believe it.

27For just as the lightning comes from the east and flashes as far as the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.

28Wherever there is a carcass, there the vultures will gather.

29Immediately after the tribulation of those days: ‘The sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.’

30At that time the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and all the tribes of the earth will mourn. They will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.

31And He will send out His angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather His elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other.

32Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves, you know that summer is near.

33So also, when you see all these things, you will know that He is near, right at the door.

34Truly I tell you, this generation will not pass away until all these things have happened.

35Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will never pass away.

36No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

37As it was in the days of Noah, so will it be at the coming of the Son of Man.

38For in the days before the flood, people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, up to the day Noah entered the ark.

39And they were oblivious until the flood came and swept them all away. So will it be at the coming of the Son of Man.

40Two men will be in the field: one will be taken and the other left.

41Two women will be grinding at the mill: one will be taken and the other left.

42Therefore keep watch, because you do not know the day on which your Lord will come.

43But understand this: If the homeowner had known in which watch of the night the thief was coming, he would have kept watch and would not have let his house be broken into.

44For this reason, you also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour you do not expect.

45Who then is the faithful and wise servant, whom the master has put in charge of his household, to give the others their food at the proper time?

46Blessed is that servant whose master finds him doing so when he returns.

47Truly I tell you, he will put him in charge of all his possessions.

48But suppose that servant is wicked and says in his heart, ‘My master will be away a long time.’

49And he begins to beat his fellow servants and to eat and drink with drunkards.

50The master of that servant will come on a day he does not expect and at an hour he does not anticipate.

51Then he will cut him to pieces and assign him a place with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Matthew 24 Section and Chapter Commentary

Matt 24:37-42

Matthew 24 in Context: Being Taken Means Destruction

The context of Matthew 24, specifically the comparison to the days of Noah, clarifies the meaning of 'one taken and one left.' Just as the flood 'swept away' the disobedient, being 'taken' signifies destruction, while being 'left' means being saved. Therefore, the passage implies that those 'taken' are destroyed, and those 'left' are preserved, directly contradicting the rapture interpretation.

Summarized by AI · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · watch the clip

Matt 24:37-41

Context of Matthew 24 clarifies 'taken' and 'left'

Reading Matthew 24 in context reveals that Jesus compares the day of judgment to the days of Noah, where the flood 'took everyone away and destroyed them,' leaving only Noah and his family saved. Therefore, in the judgment scenario, the one 'taken' is destroyed, and the one 'left' is saved, directly contradicting the rapture interpretation.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is the Rapture Really in the Bible��or Was It Invented Later? · watch the clip

Matthew 24 Verse Notes

Matt 24:1-2

Jesus's Prediction of the Temple's Fall

Jesus prophesied the destruction of the Jewish Temple, an event that occurred in 70 CE during the Jewish War. This prophecy is a significant element within the Gospels and the early Christian tradition, marking a pivotal moment for the nascent Christian movement.

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Jesus' Prediction of Temple Destruction

Jesus is attested to have predicted the destruction of the Jerusalem temple, a prediction also made by other Jews of his era, including the Essenes. While Jesus likely made such a prophecy, the detailed account in the Gospel of Luke suggests the author knew what actually transpired during the temple's destruction, implying it was written after the event.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Do the Dead Sea Scrolls Actually Prove the Bible Never Changed? · watch the clip

Matt 24:1

Gospel References to Temple Destruction

Most scholars believe that Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John refer to the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE as an event that has already occurred, rather than a mere prediction. The specific details and emphasis on this event suggest the authors wrote with hindsight, knowing the prophecy had come true.

Summarized by AI · The Unknown Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John · Lecture 1: A Bird's Eye View · watch the clip

Matt 24:2

Julian's attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple

Julian, aware of the New Testament's prophecy regarding the Temple's permanent destruction and the Adversus Iudaeos tradition that interpreted the 70 CE destruction as God's repudiation of Jews and blood sacrifices, resolved to rebuild the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. This was part of his broader effort to restore traditional cults, including those of the Jews, whom he saw as sharing common ground with pagans in their ritual practices, despite their monotheism.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 14: Christ and Empire | Christ, Crisis, Conflict, Creeds · watch the clip

Matt 24:15

Narrator's comment in the Olivet Discourse

The inclusion of the phrase 'let the reader understand' as a narrator's interjection within Jesus's apocalyptic discourse in Mark and Matthew is a striking similarity. This direct address to the reader, interrupting Jesus's words, points to a literary relationship between the Gospels, suggesting one copied from the other.

Summarized by AI · The Mysteries of the Synoptic Gospels: Discovering Matthew, Mark, and Luke · Lecture 3: Why Are the Synoptic Gospels So Similar? · watch the clip

Narrator Comments as Evidence Against Oral Tradition

The presence of identical narrator comments, such as 'let the reader understand' in Mark 13:14 and Matthew 24:15, strongly suggests literary borrowing rather than oral tradition. These comments are directed to a reader of a text, not to an audience listening to Jesus speak, indicating that one gospel copied from a written source.

Summarized by AI · The New Testament: Exploring the Christian Bible · Lecture 8: Why Are the Gospels So Similar | Unearthing the First Gospel · watch the clip

Matt 24:20

Sabbath Observance in Matthew's Eschatological Discourse

In Matthew's version of the apocalyptic discourse, Jesus instructs his followers to pray that their flight from Jerusalem not occur in winter or on the Sabbath. This addition, absent in Mark, suggests Matthew's audience is expected to observe the Jewish Sabbath, indicating a Jewish-Christian community that still adheres to Jewish law.

Summarized by AI · The Genius of the Gospel of Matthew: What Scholars Say About the First Gospel · Lecture 5: Matthew as an Anti-Jewish Jewish Gospel? · watch the clip

Sabbath Observance in Matthew's Jesus

In Matthew, Jesus' teachings suggest that Sabbath observance remains relevant for Christians even after his death. He instructs his followers to pray that their flight from the city not occur on the Sabbath, indicating its continued significance in the conceptual world of Matthew's community.

Summarized by AI · The New Testament: Exploring the Christian Bible · Lecture 6: Why Multiple Gospels | Matthew’s Vision of Jesus · watch the clip

Matthew's emphasis on keeping the Jewish Law

Matthew, through redaction, emphasizes that followers of Jesus must keep the Jewish law. He adds passages where Jesus states he did not come to abolish the law and that his followers must obey it, even better than the scribes and Pharisees. Matthew also includes Jesus' instruction to obey the Pharisees' teachings and adds a prayer not to flee on the Sabbath during the end times, reinforcing the importance of Sabbath observance.

Summarized by AI · The Unknown Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John · Lecture 5: The Written Sources · watch the clip

Matthew's Jesus Upholds Sabbath Observance

In a passage describing the end times, Matthew's Jesus adds a phrase not found in Mark's parallel account, instructing followers to pray that their flight from Jerusalem does not occur 'on the Sabbath.' This addition implies that Matthew's Jesus expects adherence to the Jewish law regarding Sabbath travel, further indicating an expectation for Jewish followers to maintain the law.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Must Christians Keep Kosher? Decoding Matthew��s Answer · watch the clip

Matt 24:29-31

Jesus's Teaching on the End Times

Paul's earliest letter, 1 Thessalonians, includes a teaching 'by word of the Lord' about the coming of the Lord, the resurrection of the dead, and being 'caught up' to meet Christ. This eschatological teaching is strikingly similar to material found in Matthew 24, suggesting it was part of the early 'gospel before the gospels.'

Summarized by AI · The Mysteries of the Synoptic Gospels: Discovering Matthew, Mark, and Luke · Lecture 2: Was There a "Gospel" Before the Gospels? · watch the clip

Matt 24:30

Shared Apocalyptic Views and the Coming Kingdom

Both Jesus and Paul shared apocalyptic worldviews, believing that the end of the world and God's judgment were imminent. They both anticipated a coming kingdom. Jesus spoke of this kingdom being brought by a 'Son of Man,' a figure he did not explicitly identify as himself in his own teachings. Paul, however, believed Jesus was the one who would return on the clouds, aligning with the 'Son of Man' description, though he did not use that specific Jewish term for Gentile audiences.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Paul and Jesus at Odds · watch the clip

Jesus' Influence by Daniel's Son of Man

Jesus appears to have been influenced by the book of Daniel, particularly the figure of 'one like a son of man' from Daniel 7. Jesus frequently refers to the 'Son of Man' coming in judgment, which aligns with Daniel's portrayal of a divine figure who intervenes and brings judgment. This suggests Daniel's apocalyptic vision was significant to Jesus and other apocalyptic Jews of his time.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · How Did Prophets Predict the Future? Daniel Gives It Away. · watch the clip

Jesus' Eschatological Expectation

Jesus likely expected the end of the world to occur during his lifetime, with the Son of Man coming on the clouds, a final judgment, and a general resurrection ushering in a Messianic age of peace. This eschatological perspective influenced his teachings and understanding of the world.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is Jesus For Non-Christians, Too? · watch the clip

Matt 24:32-34

The Fig Tree Parable and the End Times

Jesus's parable of the fig tree in Matthew 24, where the tree putting forth leaves signifies summer's nearness, is interpreted as a sign of the end times. The fig tree is often understood to represent Israel. Its 'rebirth' as a sovereign state in 1948, combined with the idea of a 'generation' being 40 years, led to predictions of Jesus's return by 1988.

Summarized by AI · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · watch the clip

The Fig Tree Parable and the Generation of Israel

Jesus' parable of the fig tree, which puts forth leaves as summer approaches, is interpreted to symbolize the nation of Israel. The 'leaves' appearing in 1948, when Israel became a sovereign state, marked the beginning of the end-times generation. Since a biblical generation is 40 years, this calculation pointed to 1988 as the year of the Rapture, fulfilling Jesus' prophecy that 'this generation will not pass away before all these things take place.'

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · The Book of Revelation and the End of the World: Are the Signs Now Being Fulfilled? · watch the clip

Matt 24:34

Jesus' Prediction of the End Times

Jesus likely predicted that the end of the age would occur within his own generation, as evidenced by passages like Mark 13:30. This apocalyptic expectation aligns with the preaching of John the Baptist and the Apostle Paul, suggesting it was a consistent theme in the circles Jesus moved within and among his early followers.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did Jesus Even Exist? · watch the clip

Jesus' Apocalyptic Beliefs

The historical Jesus, like other apocalyptic preachers of his era such as John the Baptist and the Essenes, believed that the end of the world was imminent and would occur within his generation, with some of his disciples still alive. However, Jesus did not believe he would be the one to bring about the end or act as the judge. Instead, he expected a separate heavenly figure to destroy evil forces and establish God's kingdom, appointing Jesus as its king and Messiah.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · The Book of Revelation and the End of the World: Are the Signs Now Being Fulfilled? · watch the clip

Matt 24:36

Jesus' omniscience: 'nor the Son' omitted

In Matthew 23, when Jesus discusses the timing of the end, he states that "no one knows, not even the angels nor the Son, but the Father only." Some manuscripts omit the phrase "nor the Son." This omission likely reflects a scribal attempt to resolve the theological difficulty of Jesus, as the Son of God, not possessing full knowledge.

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Scribes omitted 'not even the Son' from Matthew 24:36 to protect Jesus' divinity

In Matthew 24:36, Jesus states that 'no one knows the day or hour' of the end, 'not even the Son, but the Father alone.' Many scribes omitted the phrase 'not even the Son' from their copies. This alteration likely reflects their theological conviction that Jesus, as the Son of God, must possess full knowledge, and they adjusted the text to align with this belief.

Summarized by AI · The Genius of the Gospel of Matthew: What Scholars Say About the First Gospel · Lecture 8: The Afterlife of Matthew | How the Gospel Changed our World and the World Changed our Gospel · watch the clip

Jesus' knowledge of the end time

In Matthew 24:36, some manuscripts omit the phrase 'nor the Son' when Jesus states that only the Father knows the day and hour of the end. This omission was likely an attempt by scribes to preserve Jesus' omniscience, as the idea of the Son of God not knowing everything was deemed problematic.

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Jesus' Knowledge of the End Times

Matthew 24:36 states that 'no one knows' the day or hour of the end, 'neither the angels of heaven nor the Son, but only the Father.' This passage suggests a limitation in Jesus' knowledge, which later scribes found problematic for the divinity of Christ. Consequently, many later manuscripts omit 'nor the Son,' making it appear that only the Father knows, thereby preserving Jesus' omniscience.

Summarized by AI · The Unknown Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John · Lecture 7: How Scribes Changed the Gospels · watch the clip

Jesus's Knowledge of the End Times: Matthew 24:36

Matthew 24:36 states that 'of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only.' Some scribes, uncomfortable with the implication that Jesus (the Son) was not omniscient, removed the phrase 'nor the Son.' This alteration aimed to align the text with the developing doctrine of Christ's full divinity and omniscience, even though Matthew's gospel often portrays Jesus as subordinate to God the Father.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did Ancient Scribes Alter Jesus�� Words? Evidence from the Gospel of Matthew · watch the clip

Matt 24:40-42

One Taken, One Left in Matthew 24

Jesus, in Matthew 24, describes a scenario where two people are in a field, and one is taken while the other is left. Similarly, two women grinding meal will have one taken and one left. This passage is interpreted by some as Jesus's return for the rapture, where believers are 'taken' to be with Him, and non-believers are 'left behind' to face tribulation.

Summarized by AI · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · Will You Be Left Behind? A History of the Rapture · watch the clip

Matt 24:40-41

Matthew 24:40-41 misinterpreted as the rapture

Another passage used to support the rapture is Matthew 24:40-41, where Jesus states that 'two people in the field, one will be taken, one will be left.' This is often understood to mean that the 'taken' are raptured to safety. However, this interpretation ignores the preceding verses.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is the Rapture Really in the Bible��or Was It Invented Later? · watch the clip

Matt 24:43

The householder in the parable is a landowner, not necessarily God

While some interpret the householder or landowner in parables as an allegorical representation of God, it is often more straightforward to understand them as literal figures within the story. Attributing divine identity to every householder can lead to problematic theological conclusions, especially when their actions are questionable.

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Matt 24:51

Luke knows Matthew's editorial fingerprints

Luke demonstrates knowledge of Matthew's characteristic editorial tendencies, or 'redactional fingerprints.' A prime example is the phrase 'weeping and gnashing of teeth,' which appears in a Q-attributed passage (Luke 13:28) but also four other times in Matthew's Gospel, reflecting Matthew's unique style for describing hellish judgment. This suggests Luke is adopting Matthew's characteristic language rather than independently deriving it from Q.

Summarized by AI · Did Q Exist? · Lecture 4: The Case Against Q · watch the clip

Jesus's Prediction of the End Times and the 'Teeth' Anecdote

A commentary on the Gospel of Matthew includes an unknown saying of Jesus, an 'agrion,' where after Jesus predicts people being cast into outer darkness with 'weeping and gnashing of teeth,' the disciples ask about those without teeth. Jesus replies that teeth will be provided, a humorous addition not found in canonical gospels.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · BREAKING NEWS: Lost Sermon of Jesus Found in Egypt! · watch the clip

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