Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Romans · Chapter 7 of 16

Romans 7: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

25 verses · 10 video commentaries from 4 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1Do you not know, brothers (for I am speaking to those who know the law), that the law has authority over a man only as long as he lives?

2For instance, a married woman is bound by law to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is released from the law of marriage.

3So then, if she is joined to another man while her husband is still alive, she is called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from that law and is not an adulteress if she marries another man.

4Therefore, my brothers, you also died to the law through the body of Christ, that you might belong to another, to Him who was raised from the dead, in order that we might bear fruit to God.

5For when we lived according to the flesh, the sinful passions aroused by the law were at work in our bodies, bearing fruit for death.

6But now, having died to what bound us, we have been released from the law, so that we serve in the new way of the Spirit, and not in the old way of the written code.

7What then shall we say? Is the law sin? Certainly not! Indeed, I would not have been mindful of sin if not for the law. For I would not have been aware of coveting if the law had not said, “Do not covet.”

8But sin, seizing its opportunity through the commandment, produced in me every kind of covetous desire. For apart from the law, sin is dead.

9Once I was alive apart from the law; but when the commandment came, sin sprang to life and I died.

10So I discovered that the very commandment that was meant to bring life actually brought death.

11For sin, seizing its opportunity through the commandment, deceived me and through the commandment put me to death.

12So then, the law is holy, and the commandment is holy, righteous, and good.

13Did that which is good, then, become death to me? Certainly not! But in order that sin might be exposed as sin, it produced death in me through what was good, so that through the commandment sin might become utterly sinful.

14We know that the law is spiritual; but I am unspiritual, sold as a slave to sin.

15I do not understand what I do. For what I want to do, I do not do. But what I hate, I do.

16And if I do what I do not want to do, I admit that the law is good.

17In that case, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that does it.

18I know that nothing good lives in me, that is, in my flesh; for I have the desire to do what is good, but I cannot carry it out.

19For I do not do the good I want to do. Instead, I keep on doing the evil I do not want to do.

20And if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that does it.

21So this is the principle I have discovered: When I want to do good, evil is right there with me.

22For in my inner being I delight in God’s law.

23But I see another law at work in my body, warring against the law of my mind and holding me captive to the law of sin that dwells within me.

24What a wretched man I am! Who will rescue me from this body of death?

25Thanks be to God, through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, with my mind I serve the law of God, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.

Romans 7 Section and Chapter Commentary

Rom 7:1-25

Flesh Lusts Against the Spirit Due to Disobedience

Augustine explains that the soul's perverse joy in its own freedom led to its deprivation of the body's obedient service. This resulted in the flesh beginning to 'lust in opposition to the spirit,' a conflict present from birth, marking the body as the scene of death's victory due to Adam's initial disobedience.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 19: Augustine, The City of God | Flesh, History, and Redemption · watch the clip

Rom 7:1-6

Jesus and Paul Interpreted Against Jewish Law

As Christian movements developed, Jesus' arguments with Jewish groups were interpreted as a complete rejection of Jewish law, rather than an engagement with its issues. Similarly, Paul's arguments against the circumcision of Gentile Christians were read as a global condemnation of all circumcision and the law, leading to the belief that Christianity was always anti-Jewish from its foundation.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 20: The End of Ancient Christianity · watch the clip

Rom 7:14-25

Participationist Model: Sin as a Cosmic Power

In the participationist model, sin is not merely an act of transgression but a cosmic, demonic power that enslaves and controls humanity, forcing them to act contrary to God's will. This power of sin eventually hands individuals over to the power of death, leading to annihilation.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Paul's Bizarre Views on Salvation: Exploring the Apostle's Contradictory Explanations · watch the clip

Rom 7:15-19

Paul's Description of Divided Will in Romans 7

Augustine saw Paul's words in Romans 7:15-19 as a description of the universal punishment for Adam's sin: a divided will where the mind knows what is right but the individual is unable to do it, instead doing what they hate. This reflects the rupture between will and affect, thought and feeling, that occurred after the fall.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 17: Augustine, The City of God | Divine Justice and Human Freedom · watch the clip

Romans 7 Verse Notes

Rom 7:1

Paul's Philosophical Perspective in Romans 7

Paul's letters, specifically Romans 7, reflect a first-century philosophical perspective by combining Platonic ideas about the death of the soul with Stoic physics regarding the spirit. This unique blend of philosophical thought would be difficult for a second-century forger to accurately imitate, suggesting the authenticity of Paul's first-century authorship.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Were Paul��s Letters a 2nd-Century Forgery? · watch the clip

Paul's Philosophical Background in His Letters

Paul's letters demonstrate a deep engagement with philosophical concepts, including Middle Platonic ideals, a concept of a tripartite soul, and Stoicism. An ancient reader would recognize his use of technical philosophical terminology, indicating a sophisticated education.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Was Paul the Apostle Really From Tarsus? · watch the clip

Rom 7:12

The Law is Good but Lacks Power

Paul considers the Jewish law to be good, holy, and righteous, as it was given by God. However, the law is problematic because it reveals God's requirements for behavior but does not provide the power to fulfill them, leaving people enslaved by sin and under a curse.

Summarized by AI · Paul and Jesus: The Great Divide · Lecture 6: Paul the Moral Teacher · watch the clip

Rom 7:14

Sin as a Cosmic Power Enslaving Humanity

Beyond individual transgressions, Paul also conceptualizes sin as a cosmic, demonic power that enslaves humanity, compelling people to act against God's will and their own desires. This power is stronger than individuals, making it impossible for them to stop sinning through their own efforts. This apocalyptic view suggests that everyone is inherently enslaved to this power of sin.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Sin, Death, and Salvation: Paul��s Mysterious View · watch the clip

Rom 7:18

Manichaean Interpretation of Romans 7:18

Manichaeans interpreted Paul's statement in Romans 7:18, "I know that nothing good dwells within me, that is, in my flesh," to support their belief that the fleshly body is inherently evil. This conviction led them to conclude that the God of the Old Testament, who created flesh, must also be evil.

Summarized by AI · Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years · Lecture 17: Augustine, The City of God | Divine Justice and Human Freedom · watch the clip

Rom 7:22

Torah observance is a delight, not a burden

The grumbling of the first-hired laborers is often misinterpreted as resentment from those who faithfully observed Torah, viewing it as burdensome labor. However, Jewish tradition, including the Psalms and even Paul's writings, emphasizes that Torah observance is a source of delight and joy, not a hardship.

Summarized by AI · The Parables of Jesus: Jewish Insights into Gospel Ethics, Humor, and Provocation · Lecture 3: Laborers and Management in the Vineyard | How to Assess Kingdom Economics · watch the clip

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