Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of John · Chapter 9 of 21

John 9: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

41 verses · 10 video commentaries from 4 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1Now as Jesus was passing by, He saw a man blind from birth,

2and His disciples asked Him, “Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?”

3Jesus answered, “Neither this man nor his parents sinned, but this happened so that the works of God would be displayed in him.

4While it is daytime, we must do the works of Him who sent Me. Night is coming, when no one can work.

5While I am in the world, I am the light of the world.”

6When Jesus had said this, He spit on the ground, made some mud, and applied it to the man’s eyes.

7Then He told him, “Go, wash in the Pool of Siloam” (which means “Sent”). So the man went and washed, and came back seeing.

8At this, his neighbors and those who had formerly seen him begging began to ask, “Isn’t this the man who used to sit and beg?”

9Some claimed that he was, but others said, “No, he just looks like him.” But the man kept saying, “I am the one.”

10“How then were your eyes opened?” they asked.

11He answered, “The man they call Jesus made some mud and anointed my eyes, and He told me to go to Siloam and wash. So I went and washed and received my sight.”

12“Where is He?” they asked. “I do not know,” he answered.

13They brought to the Pharisees the man who had been blind.

14Now the day on which Jesus had made the mud and opened his eyes was a Sabbath.

15So the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. The man answered, “He put mud on my eyes, and I washed, and now I can see.”

16Because of this, some of the Pharisees said, “This man is not from God, for He does not keep the Sabbath.” But others said, “How can a sinful man perform such signs?” And there was division among them.

17So once again they asked the man who had been blind, “What do you say about Him, since it was your eyes He opened?” “He is a prophet,” the man replied.

18The Jews still did not believe that the man had been blind and had received his sight until they summoned his parents

19and asked, “Is this your son, the one you say was born blind? So how is it that he can now see?”

20His parents answered, “We know he is our son, and we know he was born blind.

21But how he can now see or who opened his eyes, we do not know. Ask him. He is old enough to speak for himself.”

22His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews. For the Jews had already determined that anyone who confessed Jesus as the Christ would be put out of the synagogue.

23That was why his parents said, “He is old enough. Ask him.”

24So a second time they called for the man who had been blind and said, “Give glory to God! We know that this man is a sinner.”

25He answered, “Whether He is a sinner I do not know. There is one thing I do know: I was blind, but now I see!”

26“What did He do to you?” they asked. “How did He open your eyes?”

27He replied, “I already told you, and you did not listen. Why do you want to hear it again? Do you also want to become His disciples?”

28Then they heaped insults on him and said, “You are His disciple; we are disciples of Moses.

29We know that God spoke to Moses, but we do not know where this man is from.”

30“That is remarkable indeed!” the man said. “You do not know where He is from, and yet He opened my eyes.

31We know that God does not listen to sinners, but He does listen to the one who worships Him and does His will.

32Never before has anyone heard of opening the eyes of a man born blind.

33If this man were not from God, He could do no such thing.”

34They replied, “You were born in utter sin, and you are instructing us?” And they threw him out.

35When Jesus heard that they had thrown him out, He found the man and said, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?”

36“Who is He, Sir?” he replied. “Tell me so that I may believe in Him.”

37“You have already seen Him,” Jesus answered. “He is the One speaking with you.”

38“Lord, I believe,” he said. And he worshiped Jesus.

39Then Jesus declared, “For judgment I have come into this world, so that the blind may see and those who see may become blind.”

40Some of the Pharisees who were with Him heard this, and they asked Him, “Are we blind too?”

41“If you were blind,” Jesus replied, “you would not be guilty of sin. But since you claim you can see, your guilt remains.”

John 9 Section and Chapter Commentary

John 9:1-41

John's distinctiveness from the Synoptics

John's Gospel is fundamentally different from the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke). It contains substantively different material, such as the stories of the Samaritan woman (John 4), the man born blind (John 9), and Lazarus (John 11), which are not found in the Synoptics. Additionally, John features far less verbatim agreement with the Synoptics, a different structural emphasis on Jerusalem, and a theological shift where Jesus himself becomes the 'good news,' evidenced by his 'I am' sayings.

Summarized by AI · The Mysteries of the Synoptic Gospels: Discovering Matthew, Mark, and Luke · Lecture 1: What is a "Gospel"? What Are the "Synoptic" Gospels? · watch the clip

John 9:1-7

Siloam Pool in the New Testament

The Siloam Pool, fed by Hezekiah's tunnel, is mentioned in the New Testament. It is the location where Jesus healed a man born blind, instructing him to wash in its waters.

Summarized by AI · Cities of the Bible · Lecture 6: Alexandria and Jerusalem · watch the clip

Miracles as Signs in John

In John's Gospel, Jesus' great deeds are explicitly called 'signs' (semeia), serving to prove his divine claims. This contrasts with the Synoptics, where miracles (dunamis) demonstrate God's power and the coming kingdom, and Jesus refuses to perform signs to prove his identity. John's seven miracles, such as turning water into wine or raising Lazarus, directly illustrate his 'I Am' statements.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · John the Maverick Gospel · watch the clip

Terminology for Miracles in the Gospels

In Matthew, Mark, and Luke, Jesus's miraculous acts are referred to as 'dunamis,' meaning powerful acts, emphasizing their display of power rather than a violation of natural law. In contrast, the Gospel of John calls them 'signs,' indicating their purpose is to reveal Jesus's identity and claims, such as being the bread of life or the light of the world.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Newly Discovered PROOF: Jesus Was an Illusionist · watch the clip

John 9 Verse Notes

John 9:1-3

Sin and Illness in the Gospels

Some gospel passages suggest a connection between sin and illness, as seen when Jesus forgives a paralytic's sins before healing him in Mark 2. However, other passages, like John 9, explicitly deny that a man's blindness from birth was due to sin, instead attributing it to God's purpose to reveal His works.

Summarized by AI · Demons and Ghosts in the Bible · Lecture 18: Demons and Disease · watch the clip

John 9:1-2

New Testament passages suggest reincarnation was a known concept

Some New Testament passages, though not explicitly endorsing reincarnation, show that the idea was present in the cultural consciousness. For instance, people wondered if Jesus was Elijah or John the Baptist returned, implying a belief in a soul's return. Additionally, the disciples' question about a man born blind, asking if he or his parents sinned, suggests a pre-birth sin, which would only be possible if the man had lived before.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Did Early Christians Believe in Reincarnation? · watch the clip

John 9:6

Vespasian's Miracles and Gospel Healing Stories

The story of Emperor Vespasian healing a blind man by spitting on his eyes and touching his leg in Alexandria is a historical account that parallels the healing miracles attributed to Jesus in the Gospels. This demonstrates that stories of miraculous healings were a common type of narrative circulating in the ancient world, not exclusive to early Christian texts.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Are the Gospels Mostly Fabricated? · watch the clip

John 9:22

Expulsion from the Synagogue in John and Luke

John's Gospel explicitly mentions being "expelled from the synagogue" three times (John 9:22, 12:42, 16:2), and Luke's Gospel depicts Jesus himself being thrown out of the Nazareth synagogue (Luke 4:16-30). These narratives reflect a perceived hostility and exclusion of Christians from Jewish synagogues, which became more prevalent in the late first and early second centuries, suggesting a dating for these gospels after such tensions arose.

Summarized by AI · The Mysteries of the Synoptic Gospels: Discovering Matthew, Mark, and Luke · Lecture 12: When Were the Synoptic Gospels Written? · watch the clip

The term 'the Jews' in John refers to Jewish leaders

In the original Greek, the Gospel of John frequently uses the term 'the Jews' to refer specifically to the Jewish leaders who oppose Jesus, rather than the entire Jewish populace. While some modern translations clarify this to 'the Jewish authorities,' the author of John intentionally uses 'the Jews' to conceptualize these leaders as the true representatives of the Jewish people who reject Jesus.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is The Gospel of John Anti-Semitic? · watch the clip

Exclusion from the synagogue for believing in Jesus

The Gospel of John, particularly in chapter 9, reveals that in John's community, Jewish individuals who confessed Jesus as the Messiah were being expelled from their local synagogues. This historical context explains the reluctance of the blind man's parents to openly acknowledge Jesus' healing, as they feared excommunication.

Summarized by AI · Bart D. Ehrman · YouTube · Is The Gospel of John Anti-Semitic? · watch the clip

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