Paths in Biblical Studies

Book of Joshua · Chapter 2 of 24

Joshua 2: Verse-by-Verse Commentary (with Videos)

24 verses · 7 video commentaries from 3 courses · Berean Standard Bible

1Then Joshua son of Nun secretly sent two spies from Shittim, saying, “Go, inspect the land, especially Jericho.” So they went and entered the house of a prostitute named Rahab and stayed there.

2And it was reported to the king of Jericho: “Behold, some men of Israel have come here tonight to spy out the land.”

3So the king of Jericho sent to Rahab and said, “Bring out the men who came to you and entered your house, for they have come to spy out the whole land.”

4But the woman had taken the two men and hidden them. So she said, “Yes, the men did come to me, but I did not know where they had come from.

5At dusk, when the gate was about to close, the men went out, and I do not know which way they went. Pursue them quickly, and you may catch them!”

6(But Rahab had taken them up to the roof and hidden them among the stalks of flax that she had laid out there.)

7So the king’s men set out in pursuit of the spies along the road to the fords of the Jordan, and as soon as they had gone out, the gate was shut.

8Before the spies lay down for the night, Rahab went up on the roof

9and said to them, “I know that the LORD has given you this land and that the fear of you has fallen on us, so that all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of you.

10For we have heard how the LORD dried up the waters of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to Sihon and Og, the two kings of the Amorites across the Jordan, whom you devoted to destruction.

11When we heard this, our hearts melted and everyone’s courage failed because of you, for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below.

12Now therefore, please swear to me by the LORD that you will indeed show kindness to my family, because I showed kindness to you. Give me a sure sign

13that you will spare the lives of my father and mother, my brothers and sisters, and all who belong to them, and that you will deliver us from death.”

14“Our lives for your lives!” the men agreed. “If you do not report our mission, we will show you kindness and faithfulness when the LORD gives us the land.”

15Then Rahab let them down by a rope through the window, since the house where she lived was built into the wall of the city.

16“Go to the hill country,” she said, “so that your pursuers will not find you. Hide yourselves there for three days until they have returned; then go on your way.”

17The men said to her, “We will not be bound by this oath you made us swear

18unless, when we enter the land, you have tied this scarlet cord in the window through which you let us down, and unless you have brought your father and mother and brothers and all your family into your house.

19If anyone goes out the door of your house into the street, his blood will be on his own head, and we will be innocent. But if a hand is laid on anyone with you in the house, his blood will be on our heads.

20And if you report our mission, we will be released from the oath you made us swear.”

21“Let it be as you say,” she replied, and she sent them away. And when they had gone, she tied the scarlet cord in the window.

22So the spies went out into the hill country and stayed there three days, until their pursuers had returned without finding them, having searched all along the road.

23Then the two men started back, came down from the hill country, and crossed the river. So they came to Joshua son of Nun and reported all that had happened to them.

24“The LORD has surely delivered the entire land into our hands,” they said to Joshua. “Indeed, all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of us.”

Joshua 2 Section and Chapter Commentary

Josh 2:1-24

Stories of Rahab and the Gibeonites explain exceptions to herem

The stories of Rahab in Joshua 2 and the Gibeonites in Joshua 9 serve to explain the continued presence of non-Israelite populations within Israelite society. Rahab and her family were spared due to a deal with the spies, and the Gibeonites tricked Joshua into a treaty, preventing their annihilation. These narratives account for why certain groups, known to the authors' contemporary audience, were not subjected to the 'herem' that theoretically eliminated all other Canaanites.

Summarized by AI · The Hebrew Bible: Exploring the Literature of Ancient Israel · Lecture 12: Joshua and Judges · watch the clip

Josh 2:1-14

Joshua: A Period of Obedience and Conquest

The Book of Joshua depicts a period where the Israelites were largely obedient to God, leading to the successful conquest of Canaan (Joshua 2-14) and the division of the land among the tribes (Joshua 15-22). Joshua's final words in chapters 23-24 reinforce the importance of obedience before his death.

Summarized by AI · The Hebrew Bible: Exploring the Literature of Ancient Israel · Lecture 11: The History | From Joshua to Josiah · watch the clip

Joshua 2 Verse Notes

Josh 2:1

Joshua as a Second Moses: Preparations for Crossing the Jordan

Joshua's initial actions as leader mirror Moses' preparations for significant events. Just as Moses instructed the people to be ready to see God in three days, Joshua orders officials to prepare the people to cross the Jordan in three days. Both leaders also send spies into Canaan and command the people to purify themselves before a divine intervention.

Summarized by AI · The Rise and Fall of Biblical Israel: The Books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings · Lecture 2: Joshua and the Conquest of Canaan | Too Good to Be True · watch the clip

Joshua's Conquest and Land Division

The book of Joshua details the Israelites' conquest of Canaan, led by Joshua, spanning chapters 2 through 14. Following the conquest, the land is divided among the tribes in chapters 15 through 22. The book concludes with Joshua's farewell speeches and his death at 110 years old.

Summarized by AI · The Rise and Fall of Biblical Israel: The Books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings · Lecture 1: A Beginner's Guide to the History of Israel · watch the clip

Joshua 2-14 describes the conquest and rest from war

Joshua chapters 2 through 14 detail the conquest of Canaan, characterized by numerous battles and widespread destruction. This section is clearly demarcated by its concluding statement, indicating that the land achieved a period of rest from war after the military campaigns.

Summarized by AI · The Rise and Fall of Biblical Israel: The Books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings · Lecture 1: A Beginner's Guide to the History of Israel · watch the clip

Rahab's story explains the presence of non-Israelite populations

The story of Rahab in Joshua 2 and 6 serves to explain the continued presence of certain non-Israelite populations, like the Rahabites, centuries after the supposed conquest. Despite the command for complete annihilation, Rahab and her family were spared, allowing their descendants to dwell among the Israelites, thus accounting for their existence in the authors' present.

Summarized by AI · The Hebrew Bible: Exploring the Literature of Ancient Israel · Lecture 12: Joshua and Judges · watch the clip

Josh 2:6

The flat roof as a functional space

Ancient Israelite houses had flat roofs that served as versatile living and working spaces. These roofs were used for sleeping during hot summer nights and for various household chores, such as drying flax, as illustrated by Rahab hiding the spies on her roof.

Summarized by AI · Everyday Life in Ancient Israel · Lecture 2: The Household and Its Foodways · watch the clip

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